Iglasi yazalwa okokuqala eYiputa, yavela kwaye yasetyenziswa, kwaye inembali engaphezulu kweminyaka engama-4,000.Iglasi yorhwebo yaqala ukubonakala ngenkulungwane ye-12 AD.Ukusukela ngoko, ngophuhliso lweshishini, iglasi ngokuthe ngcembe ibe yinto eyimfuneko kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kwaye nokusetyenziswa kweglasi yangaphakathi kuyanda.ezahlukeneyo.Ngenkulungwane ye-18, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokwenza iiteleskopu, kwaveliswa iglasi yokukhanya.Ngowe-1874, iglasi ecaba yaveliswa okokuqala eBelgium.Ngowe-1906, iUnited States yavelisa umatshini wokungenisa iglasi osicaba.Ukusukela ngoko, kunye noshishino kunye nobungakanani bemveliso yeglasi, iiglasi ezinokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusebenza ziye zaphuma emva kwenye.Kumaxesha anamhlanje, iglasi ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla, imveliso kunye nesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe.
Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-3 000 eyadlulayo, inqanawa yabarhwebi baseYurophu yaseFenike yayithwele ilitye lekristale “isoda yendalo” yaza yahamba kuMlambo iBeluth kuLwandle lweMeditera.Ngenxa yokuza kwezantyalantyala zolwandle, inqanawa yabarhwebi yaya kubhadula, ngoko ke abasebenzi bakhwela unxweme emva komnye.Abanye abasebenzi nabo beza nembiza enkulu neenkuni, kwaye basebenzise amaqhekeza ambalwa “esoda yendalo” njengenkxaso yembiza enkulu yokupheka elunxwemeni.
Xa abasebenzi bagqiba ukutya, umoya waqalisa ukunyuka.Xa babeza kupakisha izinto zabo baze bakhwele enqanaweni ukuze baqhubeke nohambo lwabo, ngequbuliso umntu othile wadanduluka esithi: “Wonke umntu, yizani nize nibone, kukho izinto ezikhazimlayo nebengezelayo entlabathini ephantsi kwembiza!”
Abasebenzi bathatha ezi zinto ziqaqambileyo bazisa enqanaweni baza bazifundisisa ngenyameko.Baye bafumanisa ukuba isanti ethile yequartz kunye nesoda yendalo enyibilikisiweyo incamathele kwezi zinto zimenyezelayo.Kufumaniseka ukuba ezi zinto zimenyezelayo yisoda yendalo bebeyisebenzisa ukwenza iimbiza xa bepheka.Ngaphantsi kwesenzo somlilo, basabela ngeekhemikhali kunye nesanti ye-quartz elunxwemeni.Le yeyona glasi yokuqala.Kamva, amaFenike adibanisa isanti yequartz kunye nesoda yendalo, aze azinyibilikise kwiziko elikhethekileyo ukuze enze iibhola zeglasi, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba amaFenike enze ubutyebi.
Malunga nenkulungwane yesi-4, amaRoma amandulo aqala ukusebenzisa iglasi kwiingcango nakwiifestile.Ngo-1291, iteknoloji yokwenziwa kweglasi yase-Italiya yayiphuhliswe kakhulu.
Ngale ndlela, abachwephesha beglasi base-Italiya bathunyelwa kwisiqithi esikwanti ukuya kuvelisa iglasi, kwaye abazange bavunyelwe ukuba basishiye isiqithi ngexesha lokuphila kwabo.
Ngowe-1688, indoda egama linguNuff yavelisa inkqubo yokwenza iziqwenga ezinkulu zeglasi, kwaye ukususela ngoko, iglasi iye yaba yinto eqhelekileyo.
Kangangeenkulungwane, abantu bebekholelwa ukuba iglasi iluhlaza kwaye ayinakuguqulwa.Kamva kwafunyaniswa ukuba umbala oluhlaza uvela kwixabiso elincinci lentsimbi kwizinto eziluhlaza, kwaye i-compound ye-iron ferrous yenza iglasi ibonakale iluhlaza.Emva kokongeza i-manganese dioksidi, i-iron yokuqala ye-divalent ijika ibe yintsimbi e-trivalent kwaye ijike ibe tyheli, ngelixa i-tetravalent manganese iyancipha ibe yi-manganese eyi-trivalent kwaye ijike mfusa.I-Optically, i-yellow and purple inokuncedisana ukuya kwinqanaba elithile.Xa zidityaniswe kunye ukwenza ukukhanya okumhlophe, iglasi ayiyi kuba nombala wombala.Nangona kunjalo, emva kweminyaka eliqela, i-manganese ene-trivalent iya kuqhubeka i-oxidized emoyeni, kwaye umbala omthubi uya kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe, ngoko iglasi yefestile yezo zindlu zakudala iya kuba tyheli kancinane.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-11-2023