Okokuqala, ukuphuhliswa kweglasi
1. Imvelaphi yeglasi yaseTshayina
Ixesha lokubonakala kweglasi yaseTshayina ngokuqhelekileyo emva kwexesha lokubonakala kweglasi yehlabathi.
Ookhokho bamandulo baseTshayina bavelisa i-porcelain yamandulo malunga ne-Shang Dynasty, malunga neminyaka engama-2,000 emva kokuba amaMesopotamiya asebenzise indlela yokwenza iglasi.Ngokophando lwangoku, iglasi yokuqala e-China yavela kwingingqi ye-Xinjiang.Kumbuzo wokuba iglasi idalwe eChina, eyona mbono ixhaphakileyo kukuba iglasi yaseTshayina yathunyelwa kuqala ukusuka eNtshona Asia kwaye yavela eChina njengemveliso yobunewunewu.Isigqibo sokuba iglasi yasekhaya e-China kufuneka ibonakale kwixesha elidlulileyo le-Warring States lithathwe kwi-glassware efunyenwe kumangcwaba e-Hunan naseHube.
KwiTshayina yamandulo, iglasi yayibizwa ngokuba yi-liuli.Ngexesha leHan Dynasty, ngenxa yokungeniswa kwenani elikhulu lezinto zeglasi ezivela kwimpucuko yaseNtshona Asia, inani leeglasi ezenziwe ekhaya eTshayina laye lancitshiswa okanye ladityaniswa nezinto ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye le meko yokuchuma kwenkcubeko yaphuculwa kwiSui. kunye neTang Dynasties, ngexesha apho iiglasi ezininzi ezivuthelweyo ngesitayile saseTshayina zazalwa.KwiNgoma yeNgoma, inani elikhulu lezinto zeglasi zangeniswa kumazwe angama-Arabhu zasiwa eTshayina, kwaye iiglasi ezigcwele amasiko angaqhelekanga zatyatyamba kuyo yonke indawo kumhlaba welizwe lomama, zenza umfanekiso oqaqambileyo wokudityaniswa kweenkcubeko zaseTshayina nezaseNtshona.Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba nangona inani elikhulu leeglasi ezingaqhelekanga laziswa e-China, kusekho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweglasi yakudala yaseTshayina kunye neeglasi zamazwe ngamazwe.Ukongeza kwiiyantlukwano zesitayile, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweglasi yakudala yaseTshayina kukubunjwa kweglasi.Ngelo xesha, ukwakhiwa okuphambili kweglasi kwi-West Asia impucuko yayiyi-sodium-calcium silicate substances, ngelixa i-China yasebenzisa i-potassium oxide (ekhutshwe kwi-ash yezityalo) njenge-flux, eyakhokelela ekuhlukeni okukhulu kwizinto zeglasi yamandulo yaseTshayina kunye neNtshona. iglasi.
Okwesibini, ukusetyenziswa kweglasi
1.Izicelo zeglasi zanamhlanje
Kumaxesha anamhlanje, ukusetyenziswa kweglasi kubanzi ngakumbi.Iglasi yanamhlanje inokuhlelwa ngokulula kwiglasi ecaba kunye neglasi ekhethekileyo.Iglasi eflethi yohlulwe yazintlobo ezintathu: iglasi ethe tyaba ekhokelela phezulu (yahlulwe yaziindidi ezimbini zegroove/akukho groove), umzobo osicaba weglasi kunye neglasi edadayo.Ezi ntlobo zeglasi zinosetyenziso lwazo kwishishini lokuhombisa lwezakhiwo, ishishini leemoto, ishishini lobugcisa kunye nomkhosi.Ngokokwakheka okwahlukileyo, iglasi inokwahlulwa ibe yiglasi yequartz, iglasi ephezulu ye-silica, iglasi ye-lead silicate, iglasi ye-sodium calcium, iglasi ye-aluminium silicate, iglasi ye-borosilicate, iglasi ye-potassium njalo njalo.Zonke iintlobo zeglasi zinosetyenziso lwazo, njengeglasi yesodium-calcium ingasetyenziswa ekwenzeni iglasi ecaba, iigilasi kunye neebhalbhu zokukhanya;Iglasi ye-lead silicate isetyenziswa njengondoqo wetyhubhu yokufunxa ngenxa yokumanzisa kwayo okuphezulu kwesinyithi, kwaye ikwasetyenziselwa ukubhloka imitha kuba ilothe inokuthintela izinto ezinemitha yemitha.Iglasi yeBorosilicate lukhetho lokuqala lweglasi yovavanyo lwemichiza ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokubola.
Okwesithathu, ikamva leglasi
1. Amathemba ekamva leglasi yobugcisa kunye neglasi yokuhlobisa
Enye yeendawo eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kweglasi yangoku yiglasi yobugcisa kunye neglasi yokuhombisa.Iglasi iye yalahla ukufuna kwangethuba amakhamandela asebenzayo, yaqala ukuhombisa uphuhliso.Emva kokuba i-studio yeglasi idibene ngamanani amakhulu, iimveliso zeglasi ezigqwesileyo zaqala ukuvela, izibane zeglasi, izihombiso zeglasi, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeglasi kunye nemifanekiso yeglasi enemibala emikhulu.Izinto ezibandakanyekayo kwiglasi yobugcisa zinkulu njengeemoto, izakhiwo, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yegadi, kwaye zincinci njengokudayela kokubukela, iifreyimu zesibuko kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo.Iglasi nayo isenokusetyenziswa njengeerhinestones ezithatha indawo yedayimani ezibizayo, kwaye “iidayimani” ezibonwa kwiitrinkethi namhlanje ubukhulu becala ubukhulu becala ngamatye amibalabala enziwe ngeglasi.
Kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lweglasi yobugcisa, mna ndicebisa oku kulandelayo:
1. Iglasi yobugcisa kunye neglasi yokuhlobisa kufuneka ihlawule ingqalelo kwimpembelelo kunye nobuchule, ibambelele kuyilo olulodwa lokudala, kwaye izise abantu isidlo esibonakalayo.
I-2, yandisa ubume bezinto ezibonakalayo zeglasi yobugcisa, ukunciphisa iindleko zokwandisa imveliso yeglasi yobugcisa.
3, ukuqulunqa imigangatho yoshishino, ukuze iglasi yobugcisa ibe noyilo olusemgangathweni kunye nemveliso, ukuphepha ungcoliseko lwempahla ekrwada kunye nezinye izinto.
I-4, kwinkqubo yokuvelisa iglasi yobugcisa kunye neglasi yokuhombisa kwi-high-tech, ukwenzela ukuba iteknoloji yokuvelisa iglasi ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha, ikhuthaze ngcono uphuhliso lwamashishini.
Imisebenzi emininzi kunye nehlanganisiweyo yeglasi yobugcisa kunye neglasi yokuhombisa kukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeThe Times, ezinje ngeglasi yokuhombisa elungiselelwe ngokudibanisa iiseli zelanga kunye neendonga zeglasi ezinemibala azikwazi ukusebenzisa amandla elanga kuphela kodwa zinokusetyenziswa njengento engeyiyo. udonga oluthwele umthwalo, kodwa ludlala indima yokuhlobisa, ukubulala iintaka ezimbini ngelitye elinye
2. Iglasi ekhethekileyo
Iglasi ekhethekileyo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo, umkhosi, unyango, i-electronics, ikhemistri, ukwakhiwa kunye nezinye iinkalo, nganye ineempawu zayo.Njengeglasi epholileyo (i-coefficient yamandla inkulu, akukho lula ukuyiqhawula, nokuba iphukile ayiyi kwenza amasuntswana abukhali ukuba yenze umonakalo emzimbeni womntu), iglasi enepateni (i-opaque, isoloko isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifuna unyango opaque, njengezindlu zangasese), iglasi yocingo. (ehlala isetyenziswa kushishino lokwakha, akukho lula ukuphuka xa ichaphazeleke), insulating glass (sound insulation effect ilungile), iglasi engenabulletproof (iglasi yamandla aphezulu, iglasi, njl. njl.) Ngaba i-bullet ephantsi, isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko) njalo njalo.
Ukongeza, iindidi ezintsha ezahlukeneyo zeglasi ezenziwe ngokubandakanya izinto ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali nazo zinoluhlu olubanzi lwamathemba okusebenza.Kubandakanya iglasi ye-silica ephezulu ekhankanywe ngaphambili, iglasi ye-silicate ye-lead, iglasi ye-sodium calcium, iglasi ye-aluminium silicate, iglasi ye-borosilicate, iglasi ye-potassium, njl., ngoku ingqalelo yeglasi entsha kunye nesiseko seglasi yentsimbi.Iglasi ye-Ferrous luhlobo lwezixhobo ze-amorphous ezenziwe ikakhulu ngezinto zetsimbi, kwaye akukho ziphene zekristale ezifana nomphezulu, indawo kunye nenqaku.Ineepropathi ezigqwesileyo ezinje nge-elasticity ephezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukuxhathisa umhlwa, ukumelana nefuthe, ukuchasana nokubanda kunye nobushushu, njl., kwaye inethemba elibanzi lokusetyenziswa kuphuhliso lweoyile negesi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-07-2023
